"Economic prospects of entrepreneurship: challenges of wartime and post-war recovery" have been discussed by scientists at the VII International Workshop at the State Tax University (Irpin) on May 31, 2024. This annual scientific forum was held under the auspices of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine and the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine. The event was co-organized by the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The workshop was attended by foreign partners - the Baltic International Academy (Latvia), Leibniz Institute of Agrarian Development in Central and Eastern Europe (Germany), and Zeliona Gura University (Poland).
The
scientific issues discussed at the workshop included:
1. The international landscape and the key imperatives
of the functioning of entrepreneurship in the world in the conditions of
aggravation of global contradictions and threats.
2. Development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine during
the war: domestic potential, conditions, state policy.
3. Post-war decompression of entrepreneurial
initiative: drivers and limitations.
4. Advanced financial mechanisms for ensuring business
efficiency.
5. Trends and tasks of the development of accounting,
auditing and taxation of business entities.
6. Digital and environmental innovations: business and
public opportunities.
7. Ukraine is a space of opportunities for business
development: the view of young people.
In the course of the workshop, the key issues of
discussion included ensuring the stability of the Ukrainian economy and
individual companies, modern trends and threats to business development in war
conditions, promising directions for the transformation of entrepreneurship and
necessary state policy measures to strengthen and support the entrepreneurial
sector.
Among the leading speakers of the plenary session were
scientists from SO "Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine" and the SO " M. I. Dolishnyi
Institute of Regional Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of
Ukraine".
In particular, the report "Transformation of Ukrainian entrepreneurship and the potential for socio-economic solidarity in the wartime economy" was presented by Dr. Econ. Viktoriia Nebrat - Head of the Department of Economic History [presentation]. Various features and new trends of entrepreneurship in the conditions of full-scale war were presented, namely: absolute and relative increase in the informal economy, development of social entrepreneurship, transformation of corporate social responsibility strategies, growing role of farm and family production, spread of craft production, deeper processing of local agricultural raw materials and longer creation of added value, development of various forms of sharing economy (coworking, ridesharing, crowdfunding, fundraising platforms, etc.). sting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
V. Nebrat revealed historical traditions, foreign experience and actual determinants of the development of economic forms of social solidarity in the conditions of war and post-war recovery. In the discussion on her presentation, the participants emphasized the importance of implementing the presented provisions into the educational process.
Chief Researcher of the Department of Forms and Methods of Management in the Agro-Food Complex at SO "Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine", Dr. Econ., Professor, Honored Economist of Ukraine Lyubov Moldavan made a presentation on "Agro-ecological innovations in the post-war use of natural resources in agriculture". The expert characterized the main challenges facing Ukraine’s agricultural sector and substantiated the need for agro-ecological farming as such that ensures the balance between economic, social and ecological components of agricultural development.
Chief Researcher of the Sub-Department of Sectoral markets, Department of Sectoral Forecasts and Market Conjuncture Dr. Econ. Oleh Pustovoyt brought to the discussion a few problems related to the necessity and possibilities of shortening the terms of the post-war recovery of Ukraine’s economy, finding ways to combine the efforts of the state, science and business for the structural modernization of production, and its export potential, the introduction of a new model of economic development capable to promote Ukraine’s integration in the EU. The scientist presented the results of his own research on "Individual priorities for the post-war recovery of Ukraine's exports".
The workshop organized by joint efforts of scientists, educators and practitioners serves as a prerequisite for raising the scientific level of professional education, contributes to the strengthening of the positions and realization of the socio-humanitarian mission of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, and most importantly – creates a theoretical basis for solving the urgent tasks of economic stability and consolidation of Ukrainian society.
On
June 6, 2024, the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National
Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
hosted an international workshop on “International financial aspects of the
recovery of Ukraine’s economy",
attended by scientists from Ukraine,
Georgia, Kazakhstan and Italy, who tried to formulate
proposals for the recovery of the Ukrainian socio-economic sphere during and
after the war.
The
experts discussed the following topics:
•
the role and capabilities of Ukraine’s
banking system of Ukraine
in wartime conditions;
•
participation of international financial organizations in the economic
modernization of the country;
•
the role of public-private partnership in recovering Ukraine’s economy;
•
the role of international financial funds and organizations in the
transformation of the economy;
•
debt strategy and assessment of the state's debt security level;
•
multinational companies as global investors today;
•
international capital migration in modern conditions;
• spatial and sectoral imperatives of the productive capacity of Ukrainian regions at the current stage of European integration.
Welcoming
the participants, Director of the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of
the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Academician of the
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Valery Heyets, emphasized the
importance of solving the debt problem. According to him, threats, challenges
and the state of finances within the country significantly depend on international
capital flows. Since there are currently no ready-made tools for solving these
problems, the joint thoughts and solutions formulated at the workshop on the
above issues will help to develop steps to overcome Ukraine's financial problems.
Valeriy Heyets also noted the importance of using new tools using digital
technologies, but emphasized that they can have both positive and negative
consequences.
Interesting reports were delivered by the Deputy Director for Scientific Work of the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Andrii Hrytsenko and Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Serhii Korablin, Head of the Subcommittee on Capital Markets, Other Regulated Markets, Securities and Financial Derivatives of the Committee of the Supreme Council of Ukraine on Finance, Tax and Customs Policy Andrii Nikolayenko, Head of the Sector of International Financial Relations of the Public Finance Department at the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Doctor of Economics, Professor Olena Borzenko, Chief Researcher of the Sector of International Financial Research of the Public Finance Department at the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Doctor of Economics, Professor Oleksandr Sharov, Professor of the Department of International Economic Relations of the Faculty of Economics of the Vasyl Stus Donetsk National University, Doctor of Economic Sciences Leonid Kisterskyi and others.
In his speech, People's Deputy Andrii Nikolayenko drew attention to the need to carefully study the experience of the post-war recovery of the national economy based on the model of state capitalism, in particular the Republic of Korea (South Korea), which involves the active role of the state in the establishment and development of industries and corporate forms of production that are competitive on the foreign market. He welcomed the development and submission to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and consideration in the first reading of the long-awaited draft law on the National Development Institution, which, by analogy with the so-called Marshall Plan [officially this document was called the European Recovery Program], should act in close coordination with an international financial institution – a transparent corporate structure through which financial and investment resources would be systematically directed for the economic recovery of Ukraine.
Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Andrii Hrytsenko emphasized that the recovery of Ukraine should be reconstructive, which means changing the development model, goal setting, and the priorities and mechanisms for achieving the goal. Special attention should be paid to the concept of nationally rooted development, which involves the assertion of sovereignty over the creation of own economic complex, the implementation of strategic planning as a condition for purposefulness and coordination of various and diverse efforts aimed at reconstructive recovery. In this context, the implementation of national target projects is of fundamental importance.
According to Doctor of Economics, Professor Oleksandr Sharov, it is important that the process of post-war economic recovery of Ukraine be based on a national development strategy, which could be called the "Kyiv Consensus". The tasks of such a strategy should be fully consistent with our European integration program and contain effective anti-corruption safeguards.
Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Serhii Korablin called for a more realistic and rational approach to the prospects of attracting external financial funds for the purpose of post-war economic and social recovery. In this context, he gave the example of Iraq, where only 15% of total number of property cases regarding the compensation of damages and losses of national individuals and legal entities caused by military actions were compensated.
Doctor
of Economics, Professor Leonid Kisterskyi supported the proposals regarding the
priority need to create within the framework of the "Marshall Plan for Ukraine" -
an appropriate international coordination center and an appropriate national
state institution for post-war economic reconstruction, which would act on the
principles of project regulation/management.
For the purpose of recovering the potential of our country after the war, Leading Researcher of the Sector of International Financial Relations of the Public Finance Department in the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor Ihor Pilyaev suggested involving Asian multilateral development banks, namely the Asian Development Bank (founded in 1966 on the initiative of the United States and Japan; current assets - more than 270 billion USD) and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (founded in 2014 at the initiative of China; authorized capital - 100 billion USD).
The participants also noted the following points:
• the recovery experience of other countries should be considered, but Ukraine has its own unique conditions, so they should be taken into account and acted upon in accordance with national interests;
• EU and US countries are interested in returning their investments and loans, as well as in strengthening the security system in Europe;
• Ukraine needs
not only to strengthen its security and defense, but also to form a basis for sustainable long-term
socio-economic development, therefore it is imperative to create a competitive
military-innovative and processing economy based on a national consensus and
effective anti-corruption safeguards.
Based on the workshop’s materials, a collection of theses is planned to be published on the website of the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
On June 7, 2024, employees of SO "Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine" took part in the hearings of the Committee of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on Economic Development on "Post-legislative control in the field of compliance with the requirements for the presence of a local component (localization) in public procurement." At the hearings, the participants presented the results of a survey carried out as part of post-legislative control of the effectiveness of implementation of the Law of Ukraine "On Amending the Law of Ukraine "On Public Procurement" regarding the creation of prerequisites for the sustainable development and modernization of domestic industry" and the results of regular monitoring of purchases with localization through the Prozoro system.
Among the important topics discussed during the hearings, a lively discussion was sparked by the issue of expanding the list of goods subject to the requirement of localization.
During his speech, the head of the Department of Sectoral Forecasts and
Market Conjuncture, Doctor of Economics Vitalii VENGER reported that the
researchers of SO "Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National
Academy of Sciences of Ukraine" on the initiative of its director,
Academician Valeriy HEYETS, as part of the activities of the Scientific
Discussion Platform under the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine, and at the
request of this ministry, prepared and presented a series of scientific and
analytical materials on import substitution in public procurement at the
expense of localization as one of the TOP-17 key research projects on the
recovery of Ukraine’s economy. Senior researcher, Doctor of Economics Oksana
KUSHNIRENKO supported the expansion of the list of goods subject to the
requirement of localization, in particular with cable and wire products,
justifying that the increase in public purchases of these products from
domestic manufacturers will positively affect such key macroeconomic indicators
as the country's GDP, employment, taxes, budget etc.
Along with this, in her speech she pointed out as important for the
efficiency of managerial decision-making in public procurement the proposals of
the Committee of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on Economic Development
regarding the involvement of scientific and analytical centers in the
development of the following issues:
– methods of analysis of the penetration of imports into public
procurement;
– assessment of the impact of public procurement of goods with a local
component (localization) on filling the state budget; and
- generalization of international experience regarding the definition of
criteria for support of domestic producers.
The constructive dialogue of representatives of the government, business
and analytical centers within the framework of the event showed the importance
of consolidating the interests of key stakeholders in order to achieve a
balance between the developmental needs of producers and customers and
stability of the national economy.
Based on the results of the hearings, it is expected to develop
recommendations for improving the country’s legislation acts to comply with the
requirements for the presence of a local component (localization) in public
procurement.
On May 30, 2024, the international seminar “Monitoring Scientific-Technological, and Innovative Development of Ukraine” was held at the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, co-organized by UNECE and the Ukrainian IP Office.
The seminar was opened with
welcome speeches from Anatoly Zagorodny, President of the National Academy of
Sciences of Ukraine,
and Valeriy Heyets, Director of the Institute. Denis Kurbatov, Deputy Minister
of Education and Science, also sent a greeting.
Approximately 100 participants attended the seminar, including representatives from the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine, and the Ukrainian IP Office. Representatives from UNECE traveled to Kyiv for in-person participation.
The relevance of
scientific, technical, and innovative development is increasing due to global
processes and the unprecedented challenges posed by the full-scale invasion.
Developing effective national policies in science and innovation and their
implementation requires prompt, relevant information on various aspects of
science and innovation development, especially the personnel component and the
connection between science and economic growth.
Olena Orliuk, Director of
the Ukrainian National Office of Intellectual Property and Innovations,
reported on the role of intellectual property in innovation processes and IP office’s activities in
building innovation infrastructure.
Inna Shatova, Deputy Head
of the Department of Intellectual Property and Innovations of the Ministry of
Economy of Ukraine,
focused on the regulatory and legal support for developing the intellectual
property sector.
Oleksandra Antoniouk, Head
of the Scientific Committee of the National Council of Ukraine on Science and
Technology Development, familiarized participants with the activities of the
Scientific Committee and its role in evaluating scientific, technical, and
innovative activities in Ukraine.
In the second part of the seminar, a panel discussion was held, moderated by Oleksandra Antoniouk (Scientific Committee of the National Council of Ukraine on Science and Technology Development, Doctor of physics and mathematics). Active participants in the discussion included Olha Kronda (IP Office Head of Department, PhD in Law), Oleg Khymenko (Head of the main department of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine), Volodymyr Khaustov (Scientific Manager of the IEF, PhD in Engineering), Andrii Kovalenko (chief researcher Institute for Demography and Life Quality Problems NASU, Corresponding Member of NASU), Olena Chmyr (Department Head of UkrISTEI, Doctor of economics), Victor Grinchenko (Academician, ex-director of Institute of Hydromechanics), and other seminar participants.
During the discussion, the
need to strengthen the influence of the expert community on the development of
the statistical system for monitoring scientific, technical, and innovation
activities was noted, as well as the importance of implementing modern
technologies in the economy and critically analyzing relevant data.
Additionally, the issue of evaluating scientific activities in the context of
the new methodology for the attestation of scientific institutions and higher
education establishments regarding their scientific (scientific-technical)
activities sparked a lively debate.
The event underscored the importance of involving scientists in addressing the current challenges of national economic recovery and development under wartime conditions, as well as the effectiveness of establishing a productive dialogue between science, the public, and state governance bodies in policy development and implementation processes.
On May 27, 2024, the second meeting was held to present the results of the study on the TOP-17 key projects of research institutes for the recovery of Ukraine’s economy. The professional discussion was held in accordance with the work schedule established by the Scientific Discussion Platform at the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine.
During the scientific discussion, the following urgent
topics were discussed:
Scenario forecasting: different volumes of international aid (received / not received) (first stage).
Introduction of a special taxation regime for producers in defense industry.
Substitution of imports in public procurement via localization (elevators, cables, road equipment, furniture, light industry).
Increasing authorized capital of the Export Credit Agency (ECA) for insurance/crediting of export contracts and insuring the investments against military risks (solution: attraction of USD 300+ million).
The results of scientific research on the first three points were presented by the departments of Modeling and Forecasting of Economic Development, Public Finance and Industrial Policy of the SO "Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine", those on the fourth one – by the State Research Institute of Digitalization and Modeling of the Economy.
In particular, the Head of the
Department of Modeling and Forecasting of Economic Development, Maria SKRYPNYCHENKO,
reported on the results of scenario assessments of macroeconomic indicators
under various variants of international aid to Ukraine.
Head of the Department of
Public Finance, Inna LUNINA presented the results of a scenario assessment of
the impact of the introduction of a special taxation regime for defense
industry producers on budget indicators and proposals for the introduction of a
special taxation regime for producers in the defense-industrial complex via various
tax instruments.
Researchers of the Industrial
Policy Department - Olena TSYPLITSKA, Oksana KUSHNIRENKO, Olena SNIHOVA, and Maria
ZAVHORODNYA identified the problems that prevent Ukrainian industrial producers
from winning in public procurement, and proposed various measures to stimulate
import substitution for such types of products as elevators, cables, road
equipment, furniture, and light industry. products
Based on the research results,
all reports included the assessments of the impact of specific projects on key
macroeconomic indicators: the country's GDP, employment, budget, balance of
payments, etc.
The published scientific
results caused a lively discussion among the participants, during which the
importance and necessity of their quick practical implementation was emphasized.
The event showed the importance of involving scientists in solving the urgent problems of the recovery and development of Ukraine’s economy in the conditions of military challenges and the effectiveness of establishing an effective dialogue between science, the public and governing bodies.
On May 13-14, 2024, the international seminar "Opening up Data for Research on Ukraine" was held in the Institute of Innovation and Competitiveness of the Max Planck Society in Munich (Germany). The Head of Department of Innovation Policy, Economics and Organization of High Technologies of the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Doctor of economics, Professor, Corresponding member of the NAS of Ukraine Igor Yegorov took part in this seminar, where a wide range of issues related to the state of science and innovation in Ukraine during the war were considered.
Participants of the seminar: Igor Yegorov is the first from the left
In
addition to participating in general discussion, Prof. Yegorov made a separate
report "Differences and similarities between Ukrainian and international
data on science, technology and innovation". Although Ukraine has begun
harmonizing its statistical information in the area of science and innovation
more than 10 years ago, this process is far from complete. In many cases,
Ukrainian official statistics uses the same definitions as the OECD countries,
but data collection and calculation methods do not meet international
standards, as was demonstrated by the example of full equivalent of employment
indicators. In addition, the State Statistical Service of Ukraine does not
provide data on financing in comparative prices and does not provide specific
deflators for the scientific sphere, which complicates the assessment of the
dynamics of the corresponding processes.
Another
problem is a limited access to the sources of information. First, not all
groups of innovative enterprises are properly represented in statistical surveys.
Secondly, according to the current legal regulations, access to data of
individual research organizations and innovative enterprises is limited. This
situation must be changed by using more "flexible" procedures for the
analysis of the sphere of innovation, research and development, in particular,
it is worth clarifying the content of individual indicators, removing
restrictions on the provision of open
data on innovative enterprises that are monopolies in one or another
industry; to expand the possibilities of statistical groupings of enterprises
and organizations, depending on the objectives of one or another survey. This
would help to conduct international comparisons more effectively, which are
necessary to accelerate the processes of European integration in the field of
statistics of science and innovation.
In April, the Head of the Sector of International Financial Relations of the Public Finance Department Doctor of Economics at this Institute, Professor Olena Borzenko saw with her own eyes the "miracle on the Han River" (that's how they call the South Korean economic miracle of the second half of the 20th century), at the invitation of the Korea Foundation (KF) during her visit to the Republic of Korea together with representatives of the USA, Indonesia, Tanzania, Senegal, Jordan, Yemen and Slovakia.
Each invited participant was personally greeted by the President of the Korea Foundation, Amb. Gheewhan Kim.
At the Korea Trade and Investment Agency
Representatives of the Federation of Korean Industries (FKI) visually introduced the guests to the macroeconomic indicators of the Republic of Korea over the last more than 60 years (since 1961), stressing that industrial business, and domestic investors restored the country side by side with state institutions. And representatives of the global marketplace (e-commerce platform) - the Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency (KOTRA), which has a branch in Kyiv - describe how they are helping Korean businesses grow at the international level today.
O. Borzenko at the National Bank of Korea
At the National Bank of Korea, guests were shown the presentation on "The Financial System of North Korea and Modern Economic Problems" with a comparison of macroeconomic indicators, exchange rate dynamics, living standards and education of North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) and South Korea (Republic of Korea).
At the Space Technology Center of SK Telecom T.um
Participants of the exchange program of the Korea Foundation had the opportunity to verify this by visiting a number of organizations, including the Global Knowledge Exchange & Development Center in Seoul. At the Hyundai Research Institute (HRI), the visitors were shown a car of the future, the fuel for which is hydrogen obtained from water, and at the Space Technology Center of SK Telecom T.um (T.um is 'Technology, U-topia, Museum') - a new world where everything is connected with services based on artificial intelligence.
Olena Borzenko and Mingyeon Jong
Within the Korea Foundation program,
Doctor of Economics, Professor Olena Borzenko met with South Korean scientific
colleagues - Professor of the Department of Economics at Seoul National
University Bonggeun Kim and Researcher from the Korea Institute of
International Economic Policy Minhyeon Jeong. They emphasized that it was high
school, education, science and innovation that became the driver of the
recovery of the Republic of Korea, and the main component of the "Miracle on
the Han River" is a hard, conscious and
selfless work.
During the visit, a preliminary agreement was reached on the signing of memorandums of cooperation between the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of NAS of Ukraine and the Department of Economics of Seoul National University, as well as between the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of NAS of Ukraine and the Korea Institute of International Economic Policy (KIEP). These documents will provide for the implementation of joint projects, holding international conferences, seminars and round tables, and publishing international monographs and collections of scientific works.
Korean Demilitarized Zone
At the end of the visit, the guests visited the two-kilometer Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) between the Republic of Korea and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
Forecast of macroeconomic indicators prepared for the April issue of the Consensus Forecast of macro-indicators of Ukraine’s economy for 2024-2027 (April, 2024).
We invite you to take part in the international scientific and practical
conference "INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF
UKRAINE’S ECONOMY RECOVERY", which
will be held on June 6, 2024 at the SO "Institute
for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine".
The conference aims to exchange scientific views and
practical developments on key aspects
regarding topical issues of the recovery of Ukraine’s economy in the conditions
of martial law.
Venue: 01011, Kyiv, 26,
Panasa Myrnoho Str., State Organization "Institute
for Economics and
Forecasting of NAS of Ukraine".
Beginning: at 10:00 a.m.
Conference
working languages: Ukrainian, English
Moderator: Dr. Sc.,
Professor Olena BORZENKO
Poster
presentation: 15-20 minutes
Participant’s presentation: 8-10 minutes
During
the conference, discussions are planned in the following scientific directions:
The role and opportunities of the banking system of Ukraine in
martial law
International financial
organizations in the process of economic modernization of Ukraine
The role of
public-private partnership in the economic recovery of Ukraine
International
cooperation and international financing for the Ukrainian economyrecovery
The role of
international financial funds and organizations in the transformation of
Ukraine’s economy
Debt strategy and
assessment of the state’s debt security level
Transnational
corporations as global investors of today
International capital
migration in contemporary conditions
Registration of participants and submission of abstracts (file name, e.g.: Surname_abstract) is carried out via the link: https://forms.gle/vmrSK8SxjJAPYz3M9
Deadline for registration and submission of abstracts: June 4, 2024.
The Manual provides information on
the formation and international dissemination of the UNDROP, as well as
individual articles of the document with explanations and justifications; it
suggests ways to implement UNDROP through the introduction of development
strategies at various levels of cooperation between states, organisations,
civil society and peasant movements. This is an important step in strengthening
the rights of peasants and promoting sustainable rural development.
The Manual targets a diverse
audience, including rural populations, small-scale farmers, government
representatives, and academic circles. Beyond information dissemination, it
serves as a catalyst for the development and reinforcement of agrarian and
rural policies in Ukraine.
English
